赛事转播由观众当导播？“自由视角”技术让冬奥观赛身临其境******
你是否想象过，通过任意视角“无死角”观察比赛细节的新体验——随意滑动手机屏幕，比赛转播画面便相应转换角度，当选定角度松开手指，画面即以新的视角和位置播放；借助“子弹时间”技术，在比赛过程中“凝固时空”，全方位观看运动员的竞技瞬间……
“这个技术让我们坐在家里却好像置身赛场，360度想看哪里就看哪里，紧紧跟上瞬息万变的赛场形势。”使体育赛事观众感到新奇的这一体验，是国家重点研发计划“科技冬奥”重点专项“冰雪项目交互式多维度观赛体验技术与系统”中，由优酷参与研发的历时两年多研发的“自由视角”视频技术所带来的。该技术于2021年4月亮相“相约北京”冬季体育冰上项目测试活动，分别在国家体育馆、五棵松体育馆运行测试。
赛事转播新技术的惊艳亮相，进一步推动着科技创新与冬奥赛事深度融合。通过我国企业自主研发的“自由视角”视频技术对冬奥冰雪项目进行示范播出，观众可使用电视、手机或VR设备，通过自主交互连续改变视角和位置，既可以让画面静止以观察某一个比赛瞬间的不同角度，又可以让画面保持流动而不打断比赛，让观众自己当“导播”，突破传统的定点和被动式观赏赛事，提升用户观赛体验。
观众体验自由视角观赛
“我们看到的画面并不是由相机单纯拍摄的，而是通过算法渲染出来，根据三维程序补充出来的。”优酷“自由视角”系统课题负责人盛骁杰介绍，在测试活动中，国家体育馆内的U型架上共架设40台相机，总长度达210米。通过三维重建和渲染，可以渲染出任意时长和帧率的精彩特效片段，相当于1200台相机同时拍摄拼接的效果。无须特殊装备，也不用专门的带宽，仅需手持5G手机，搭配5G网络，冰雪“发烧友”就可以便捷实现高质量的交互式观赛。
据了解，在内容生产上，“自由视角”技术能嵌入转播信号，实现多角度、清晰的即时三维比赛细节还原。针对冰球比赛，这一技术以重点镜头和氛围镜头为侧重，能够让观众感受到冰球赛事独特的魅力。此外，该技术可协助裁判更快速、精准地做出判罚，还能使运动员和教练员在日常训练中多角度直观回顾场上细节。“它可以直接植入到普通的转播当中，比如场上比赛的某一瞬间，观众或裁判没看清楚，系统可以随时生成一个360度的信号提供给裁判和转播商，能够很好地解决判罚和观赏方面的问题。”盛骁杰说。
“‘自由视角’技术的目标是建立交互式多维度观赛体验系统。具体来讲，我们想实现全新的观赛体验。”“科技冬奥”重点专项“冰雪项目交互式多维度观赛体验技术与系统”项目负责人、北京大学博雅特聘教授陈宝权表示，这一技术的第一个特点是实现了多视点观赛功能，第二个是交互性，观众可以决定自己的视点，选择其最舒适的视角去看精彩的比赛。同时，“自由视角”技术还实现了多终端的观看，除通过电视收看外，还支持手机端和VR设备观看。“戴着VR设备，不需要手的交互，而是通过人们身体的自然交互，VR设备的视角能使我们进一步达到身临其境的观赛体验。”
工作人员对自由视角视频直播作测试
事实上，在应用于北京冬奥会赛事转播前，“自由视角”技术已成功落地多档综艺节目及CBA、CUBA等体育赛事场景。而测试活动中所使用的“自由视角”技术和以往的应用有所不同，项目组形成了具有自主知识产权的端到端自由视角点播和直播系统，将8K“自由视角”系统从现场阵列采集、云端三维重建、编码传输到终端解码渲染都做到了端到端实时处理，从而达到能够支持冬奥相关赛事直播的技术水平。（孔繁鑫）
中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。
因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。
日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
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